DIRECTIVE BEAM OF THE MONOPOLE ANTENNA USING BROADBAND GRADIENT REFRACTIVE INDEX METAMATERIAL FOR ULTRA-WIDEBAND APPLICATION

Directive Beam of the Monopole Antenna Using Broadband Gradient Refractive Index Metamaterial for Ultra-Wideband Application

This paper introduces a novel technique to enhance the gain of the basic monopole antenna by using broadband gradient refractive index (GRIN) metamaterial.The proposed GRIN is designed by using a parallel-line unit cell Facial Tissue metamaterial with different refractive index.A seven GRIN lens is placed on the omnidirectional printed basic monopo

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The Effects of Different Types of Intruders on the Level and Characteristics of Territorial Defence Response of Domesticated Male Siamese Fighting Fish

This study investigated the effects of types of intruders on the level and types of male aggressive acts at different stages of the egg guarding period in domesticated fighting fish (Betta splendens).The degree of aggressiveness was measured at two reproductive phases in response to three types of intruders: male, female and female that had laid eg

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